Thu, May 6, 2027Spring (Semester 2) · Week 16Day 70 of 7280-min blockCalendar fit

Project question

Essential question: What turns a topic you are curious about into a question science can actually answer?Enduring understanding: A testable claim states what you expect and in which direction, and pairs it with variables you can control and measure; without that structure a project is an opinion, not an investigation.
Where you are · this course
Forensic chain-of-custody basics, independent project claim, final portfolio audit; this is the last content week before WebXam review. Project question ▸ Day 3
Day 70 of 72 this semester2 left before WebXam
🧬 Where you are · PLTW
Biomedical InnovationProblem 7: Forensic Autopsy / Problem 8: Independent Project"Activity 7.1.1 Forensic Autopsy", "Activity 8.1.1 Identifying a Project Topic"
Matched to your live myPLTW course (verified June 2026).
Today's driving question

Can you rewrite your capstone idea into one claim that names what you expect to find, the variable you will change, the variable you will measure, and the control that keeps the comparison fair?

Today you'll be able to

Define a testable claim and methods for your independent capstone project.

You've got it when
  • You wrote a testable claim with matching methods.
  • You named your variables and one limitation.
Due today · Pre-lab RequiredIndependent project definition: , testable claim, methods outline with identified variables and measurement units, a designated control, and one named limitation.
Do-Now · start these with your notes closed
  1. Write your project idea as one sentence, then underline the part that says what you expect to find.
  2. What is the difference between the variable you change and the variable you measure in your project?
Do this · step by step
numbered so we can always find our place
  1. 1State a clear, for your project.
  2. 2Write the claim you expect your project to support.
  3. 3Outline the methods you will use to gather evidence.
  4. 4Identify your key variables and how you will measure them.
  5. 5Note one limitation of your proposed approach.
Interrupted or lost? Restarting? Confirm your from step 1, then check you have written the claim you expect (step 2) before you outline methods in step 3, identify your variables in step 4, and name one limitation in step 5.
Optional project open: Microbiology & the Working Lab - solo or group, about 3 to 4 hours total. Due by Fri, May 28, 2027. Great WebXam prep.

🛠 Get unstuck · pick your level

Run the lab
Define your project's testable claim and a methods plan that names the independent variable, dependent variable, control, measurement units, and one honest limitation.
Absent? Async catch-up
If the claim will not come, fill the frame out loud: 'If I change ___, then ___ will ___, measured in ___.' Say it until every blank has a concrete word, then write that sentence down.

Lab day: Tier 1 is the whole class at the bench. No extension today.

🔑 Today's words · 5

chain of custodyresearch questionmethodologyclaimevidence
+1 more in the word bank

Tap a word in the lesson for a plain meaning and one example. Recycled into next week's Do-Now.

Today's study notebook
Forensic capstone: applying biomedical skills to a case and building a professional portfolio.
Open the notebook
Audio overviewVideo overviewMind mapStudy guideFlashcardsQuizData table
Where this fits
Tested on (Ohio WebXam)
Biotechnology for Health and Disease · 072125 (likely, pending confirmation)
PLTW lesson
BI · Problem 7: Forensic Autopsy / Problem 8: Independent Project
WebXam domain
Microbiology Testing and Technology
Evidence to produce
Pre-lab
Lab / skill
Lab notebook or project planning template, Micropipettes and tips appropriate for the planned DNA analysis technique
Do the work · 80-minute blockfirst 5 min = hook

💡 Big idea: A well-formed claim and methods plan are the foundation of independent inquiry because naming your variables, control, and units in advance is what makes a result provable rather than a matter of opinion.

  1. 0-5 minWarm-up: share your draft project question from the prelab
  2. 5-20 minRefine your with teacher and peer input
  3. 20-40 minWrite your claim and outline your methods with variables and measurement units
  4. 40-55 minIdentify your , , and control
  5. 55-70 minName one limitation and how it affects what your results can claim
  6. 70-80 minExit ticket: state your question, claim, and the one control you will include
Mr. Mendoza's 5-minute intro
  • Your capstone project starts here: a question you can actually investigate, and a plan to investigate it.
  • We'll use the same scientific method standard applied in every BI unit: claim, evidence, methods, limitation.
  • A good question is specific enough that you could answer it with the resources available in this class.
  • By the end of today, your project is defined and documented.
Know by the end
  • A testable claim specifies what you expect to find and in what direction.
  • Methods must include the , , control, and measurement units.
  • Naming a limitation upfront shows scientific honesty and improves the overall design.
Open this PLTW section today

Forensic chain-of-custody basics, independent project claim, final portfolio audit; this is the last content week before WebXam review. · Project question

Day 3 of this lesson. Open this exact section in myPLTW (find it in Clever, Microsoft sign-in), then do the work below.

Do this: Open Problem 8 in your myPLTW course shell and navigate to the current independent project activity, then define a testable claim and methods for your capstone project.

Complete

Add your project question, claim, and methods outline to the Problem 8 portfolio.

How far to get

The chain-of-custody table is done; project definition is the foundational Problem 8 milestone, so confirm your timing.

Upload as evidence

Project question and methods outline submitted as evidence.

All PLTW activities are completed inside the PLTW course environment: this page only gives direction. Submit producibles on Schoology.

Today's PLTW tracker · fill in and submit

Check things off as you work, then submit. This tells Mr. Mendoza how you're doing so he can help the class. It does not replace turning in your producible on Schoology.

Use the code Mr. Mendoza gave you, not your name. Saved on this device.

Forensic chain-of-custody basics, independent project claim, final portfolio audit; this is the last content week before WebXam review.Day 3 of this projectSee the full week plan
Today's PLTW target

Forensic chain-of-custody basics, independent project claim, final portfolio audit; this is the last content week before WebXam review. · Project question

Open Problem 8 in your myPLTW course shell and navigate to the current independent project activity, then define a testable claim and methods for your capstone project.

The chain-of-custody table is done; project definition is the foundational Problem 8 milestone, so confirm your timing.

This is how Mr. Mendoza sees the class keeping pace with PLTW. Be honest, it only helps if it is accurate.

1 · What you do today

🎯 Define a testable claim and methods for your independent capstone project.

  • State a clear, for your project.
  • Write the claim you expect your project to support.
  • Outline the methods you will use to gather evidence.
  • Identify your key variables and how you will measure them.
  • Note one limitation of your proposed approach.
2 · What you turn in

Pre-lab: Independent project definition: , testable claim, methods outline with identified variables and measurement units, a designated control, and one named limitation.

Turn it in on Schoology using the checklist just below. Upload by 11:29 PM for full credit.

3 · Who's doing what (team)
TaskWho
State a clear, for your project._______
Write the claim you expect your project to support._______
Outline the methods you will use to gather evidence._______
Identify your key variables and how you will measure them._______
Note one limitation of your proposed approach._______

Working solo? Put your own name in "Who" for every row.

4 · Words I can use correctly
5 · I'm successful today when I can…
  • You wrote a testable claim with matching methods.
  • You named your variables and one limitation.
6 · Reflection & next steps
Where are you today?0/7 checked
Pick your period and code first.
Your 4 steps today
  1. 1
    Do this
    Define a testable claim and methods for your independent capstone project.
  2. 2
  3. 3
    Submit this
    Pre-lab: Independent project definition: researchable question, testable claim, methods outline with identified variables and measurement units, a designated control, and one named limitation.
  4. 4
    Submit it here
    1. 1Open Clever.
    2. 2Microsoft (district) sign-in.
    3. 3Schoology and myPLTW are both in Clever.
    Look for this assignment in Schoology: Biotechnology for Health (Biomedical Innovations) › Forensic chain-of-custody basics, independent project claim, final portfolio audit; this is the last content week before WebXam review. › Pre-lab
    Open Schoology
Were you absent? Jump to the make-up plan
Learn it · deck, reading, and vocabulary
Three-tier teaching slide deck

Tier 1 is the time-boxed teacher set for the block; Tier 2 adds scaffolded vocabulary, examples, and a reading routine; Tier 3 extends into careers and current biomedical applications.

Generated from this lesson's canonical data with a red-team citation check.

Watch the trap

Students often think Students think a good is broad so it can cover a lot, so they write 'How does diet affect health?' and feel it is ambitious.. The trap: That is a trap because a question you cannot fully test in your project is a question you cannot answer at all. Narrowing to one changed variable, one measured outcome, and a unit is not shrinking your project; it is the only thing that makes it finishable and provable.

Worked example · a parallel case (guides, does not reveal)
Independent project definition
Completes: Completes the independent-project definition: a researchable question, a testable claim, a methods outline with variables and measurement units, a designated control, and one named limitation.

Question: Does the amount of hand-sanitizer contact time affect how much bacterial growth appears on a surface swab?

Testable claim: I expect that longer sanitizer contact time will lead to fewer bacterial colonies on the swab plate.

Methods outline:

  • Independent variable: sanitizer contact time (0, 15, 30, and 60 seconds).
  • Dependent variable: number of bacterial colonies, counted after 48 hours of incubation.
  • Control: a surface swabbed with no sanitizer (0 seconds).
  • Measurement: colonies counted as whole numbers; time measured in seconds with a stopwatch.
  • I will run three plates per time to average out variation.

One limitation: My colony counts only sample one surface type, so the results may not apply to all materials or to viruses, which this method does not detect.

Also due today: Submit your project question and methods outline in the course LMS today.

See the full worked example
Portal terms
CER:
Claim, Evidence, Reasoning: make a claim, back it with evidence, explain your reasoning.
SOP:
Standard Operating Procedure, the exact steps to follow (especially in a lab).
Tracker:
Your PLTW progress log where you record completed evidence.
myPLTW:
The PLTW course site where you do the online activities. Find it in Clever with your Microsoft sign-in, right next to Schoology.
This unit's vocabulary

Tap the speaker to hear a term. Add two of these to your notebook glossary with a definition and an example in your own words.

Build your vocabulary · optional, for extra credit

Pick just 2 or 3 words from today and make them yours: write what each one means in your own words, then give one example from what you actually did in Project question. Try your own words first; the glossary is there if you get stuck. This is voluntary and counts as extra credit, so keep it short.

chain of custody
research question
methodology
claim
evidence
limitation

Saved on this device. Show Mr. Mendoza or add these to your notebook glossary to claim the extra credit.

Teacher-posted resources

Classroom documents for this lesson are posted in Schoology. Open Schoology and find each one by the name shown on its card.

Use during lessonFor: Everyone
Activity 7.1.1 Autopsy Report (blank form)
worksheet/handoutPosted in Schoology
Open in Schoology

Open this when the class reaches this activity and use it to complete the required lesson artifact.

Placement rationale

Matched project by path:Biomedical-Innovations/Problem-7_Forensic-Autopsy/7.1_Forensic-Autopsy; keywords:forensic, autopsy, fetal pig, organ. Score 158. Visibility: student-schoology (student-facing resource; link through Schoology rather than local path).

Use during lessonFor: Everyone
7.1.1 Organ Measurement Worksheet (blank)
worksheet/handoutPosted in Schoology
Open in Schoology

Open this when the class reaches this activity and use it to complete the required lesson artifact.

Placement rationale

Matched project by path:Biomedical-Innovations/Problem-7_Forensic-Autopsy/7.1_Forensic-Autopsy; keywords:forensic, autopsy, fetal pig, organ. Score 158. Visibility: student-schoology (student-facing resource; link through Schoology rather than local path).

Use during lessonFor: Everyone
7.1.1 Organ Weight and Length Data Sheet
worksheet/handoutPosted in Schoology
Open in Schoology

Use this as the classroom resource for project.

Placement rationale

Matched project by path:Biomedical-Innovations/Problem-7_Forensic-Autopsy/7.1_Forensic-Autopsy; keywords:forensic, autopsy, fetal pig, organ. Score 158. Visibility: student-schoology (student-facing resource; link through Schoology rather than local path).

How to get there: open Clever and sign in with your Microsoft (district) account. You will find both Schoology and myPLTW right there in Clever. Turn in your work on Schoology; do the online activities in myPLTW.

Check yourself · commit, then reveal
Quick self-check · commit, then reveal

A student writes: 'Plants grow better with fertilizer.' Rewrite it as a testable claim that a project could actually measure, and name the control.

How sure are you?

Write an answer and pick a confidence to unlock the key.

Cumulative WebXam review · flash practice

Fast retrieval with instant answers, not the commit-then-reveal check above. Try each from memory first: write what you remember about the earlier units, then check yourself here.

Tap an answer to check it · nothing is recorded or graded
[Review: Communicating Public Health: audience, privacy, and evidence-based products] Usability testing of a health education website shows that users cannot find the main instructions. What should the team do?
[Review: Recombinant DNA Workflow: cutting, joining, and moving genes safely] In which storage cabinet should you keep the rubbing (isopropyl) alcohol used to sterilize a molecular biology bench?
[Review: Transformation and Gels: selection, digests, and reading the bands] After a restriction digest, you separate the DNA fragments on a gel. A reference lane of fragments of known sizes is included to estimate the sizes of your bands. This reference is the:
A documented record showing who handled a piece of evidence, when, and why is called the:
Go further and get help
Lab · prepare, conduct, complete
1Prepare
Pre-lab pass · clear all six to go to the bench
0/6

Finish the checklist before you handle any material.

Bring / set up
Lab notebook or project planning templateMicropipettes and tips appropriate for the planned DNA analysis techniqueAgarose gel materials if gel electrophoresis is part of the project methodPCR tubes and thermocycler access if PCR is included in the project designDNA extraction buffer and centrifuge tubes if tissue samples are usedAppropriate stain and gel imaging accessReference restriction map for any plasmid being analyzedGloves, goggles, and lab coat
Safety · specific to today's hazards
  • All biological materials must be handled at BSL-1 or as directed by the teacher for the specific organism.
  • Wear gloves, goggles, and lab coat whenever handling biological samples or chemical reagents.
  • Decontaminate all biological waste with 10 percent bleach before disposal; nothing biological goes in regular trash.
  • If PCR amplification is used, keep amplicons covered to avoid aerosol contamination of other samples.
  • Any human-sourced material (saliva, cheek cells) requires explicit teacher approval and must follow HIPAA-analogous data handling: no student names attached to samples.
  • Report any chemical or biological spill immediately; do not attempt to clean up alone.
  • Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after any contact with biological or chemical materials.
Review Lab Safety (rules, PPE, SDS, emergencies) and check your contract + test
2Conduct (Argument-Driven Inquiry)
  1. 1Frame the guiding question and name your independent and dependent variables.
  2. 2Plan a method that would actually answer it, then get the plan checked before you start.
  3. 3Collect data carefully and record exactly what you observe before you interpret it.
  4. 4Build a tentative argument on a whiteboard: claim, evidence, reasoning.
  5. 5Argumentation session: present your board, question another group, and revise your claim.
  6. 6Write the final CER with your strongest evidence and one named limitation of the method.
3Complete
Argue from your evidence, then compare what you predicted to what happened. Error analysis names a specific method limit, never "human error".
Your lab report is graded on the rubric below, with extra weight on error analysis and method.
Where this leads: careers
What to do if you were absent
If YOU are absent

Today is individual PLTW work, so do exactly what we did in class, from home: complete the same PLTW target above, then submit your Pre-lab.

Open Schoology (CMSD) and keep going

How to get there: open Clever and sign in with your Microsoft (district) account. You will find both Schoology and myPLTW right there in Clever. Turn in your work on Schoology; do the online activities in myPLTW.

If MR. MENDOZA is absent

Class still runs. Complete the online activity above (it's self-guided). Need the concept taught without a teacher? Use this authoritative explainer:

NIST Forensic Science
Optional extra credit (async)

You've passed Unit 2, so the optional extra-credit track is open. Complete reserved-unit work from home (virtual labs included) for extra credit, submitted on Schoology.

Open the extra-credit track
How this is graded
For: Pre-lab: Independent project definition: researchable question, testable claim, methods outline with identified variables and measurement units, a designated control, and one named limitation.
  • Complete
    Every required part of the artifact is present, nothing left blank.
  • Accurate
    The science and the data are correct and match the evidence.
  • Scientific reasoning
    You explain your claim with evidence and reasoning (CER), not just an answer.
  • Professional communication
    Clear, organized, labeled, and written the way a clinician or scientist would.
  • Submitted
    Turned in the right way (Schoology for routine work) and confirmed.
  • Error analysis and method · counts double
    Name a specific limit of the method and how it moved your result, and compare what you predicted to what happened. "Human error" does not count; say what about the procedure or instrument caused it.