DNA sequencing basics
Mon, Sep 14, 2026 · Week 4 · Genetics of Disease (Medical Interventions)
Today's goal: Explain how DNA sequencing reads the order of bases and why that sequence can act as a fingerprint for an organism.
What a finished product looks like
This is a model of the work you should turn in today. Use it to check your own: match the structure and the level of detail, do not copy it. Your data and wording should be your own.
Four DNA bases and pairing rules:
- Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T).
- Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
What sequencing measures (two sentences): DNA sequencing reads the exact order of the A, T, C, and G bases along a strand. Because each species has a different base order, that order acts like a fingerprint that can identify the organism.
Why a unique sequence can identify an unknown pathogen: no two species have the identical full sequence, so matching an unknown read to a database entry points to the species it came from.
My question for the BLAST lab: how close does a match have to be before we can trust that two sequences are from the same species?
Also due today: Keep in notebook; bring to the computer lab Wednesday.
WebXam problem for today's skill
One exam-style question that uses exactly what you practiced today. Try it before you reveal the answer, then read why each choice is right or wrong.
Tap an answer to see the full explanation. Nothing is recorded or graded.

