JOHN HAY BIOMEDICAL / PHYSICAL EXAM SKILLS

Measure clearly.
Report carefully.

Run a fictional visual acuity station. Decode the numbers, reveal supplied responses for each eye, and write a careful screening record.

Educational simulation, not a vision test. All responses belong to a wholly fictional adult, Case FOCUS. This screen is uncalibrated. Its drawings cannot measure your sight. Do not stand back to test your eyes, enter personal information, or use it to choose glasses. No camera, microphone, storage, or internet connection is used.

BACKGROUND AND DEFINITIONS

1. Decode the fraction

Visual acuity means resolving small detail under stated conditions. A chart uses standardized letters or symbols called optotypes. The result is the smallest line meeting the actual chart's scoring rule.

Choose an acuity example

20/20

Figure S1. The first number states distance for this example. The second describes the standard reference distance for that size of detail. These labels are not calibrated visual targets.

For the same top number, a larger bottom number describes poorer measured detail resolution. 20/40 does not mean 40% vision or half of all vision. 20/20 does not prove every part of an eye is healthy. Metric 6/6 corresponds to 20/20.

DIRECTIONS

2. Prepare the fictional station

Case FOCUS wears usual distance glasses. The fictional chart is designed for 20 feet and is placed at 20 feet. Actual charts may use other distances. Their own manual controls distance, symbol order, scoring, and stopping.

Rehearse the setup checksI would verify the chart's required eye-to-chart distance.I would check lighting, glare, and the person's understanding.I would record the usual prescribed distance correction.I would use a clean approved occluder, prevent peeking, and avoid pressure on the eye.

Complete the four setup checks to reveal the fictional record.

To test the person's right eye, cover their left eye. To test their left eye, cover their right. Test separately. A two-eye result can hide a difference between eyes. Do not press on a covered eye or use a hand that allows peeking.

WORKED EXAMPLE / FICTIONAL DATA E4

3. Reveal the responses

The person already gave these responses in our fictional record. Your button reveals them; it does not score your vision. The actual chart protocol has already been applied. These examples use fully read or clearly missed lines, not a universal partial-line rule.

Eye being tested

Waiting for setup.

No fictional responses revealed yet.

Record E4. Supplied fictional line responses. Unrevealed cells are marked "Not revealed."
Line label	Right eye	Left eye

Recorded acuity

Right eye: Not complete.

Left eye: Not complete.

All lines have five optotypes in this fictional example. Real charts vary. Left eye 20/20 is the smallest line supplied and tested; it does not show whether finer lines could be read. Right eye stops after the 20/32 attempt; 20/25 and 20/20 are not tested.

YOUR REASONING

4. Analyze carefully

Use three moves: describe the observation, check the measurement conditions, and name the limit. A qualified eye care professional investigates an actual concern.

Reveal both eyes to see the worked report. Before the report appears, predict which eye resolves finer detail.

What does the evidence support?

The chart measures detail resolution under specified conditions. Record each eye, chart, test distance, correction, smallest scored line, missed letters, and any problem.
A refractive error can blur an image because light does not focus clearly on the retina. An acuity fraction alone cannot prove this cause or set a glasses prescription.
Fields, color vision, pupil responses, eye movements, pressure, and internal structures need other tests. A comprehensive eye exam reaches beyond acuity.
For actual symptoms or concerns, tell the teacher or nurse. Use current district procedures and a qualified eye care professional. Do not use repeated classroom testing to dismiss a concern.

Optional practice with a different fictional record E7

Different fictional adult. Approved 20-foot chart at its specified 20 feet, usual distance glasses, separate-eye testing, satisfactory lighting, occlusion, and understanding. Chart protocol already applied. Right eye: 20/25. Left eye: 20/50. Each reads all letters on its recorded line; the next smaller line does not meet that chart's protocol.

Write three sentences: state both results and conditions; compare measured detail; name one limit and professional next step. Do not copy Case FOCUS's values. This is optional practice, with no new submission.